Cov lus piav qhia ntawm thymol
Lub npe tag nrho ntawm thymol yog {{0}}methyl-2-isopropylphenol, uas yog cov tshuaj monomeric rho tawm los ntawm cov roj tsis hloov pauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag Labiatae. Nws feem ntau yog cov xim tsis muaj xim lossis dawb crystalline nrog cov qauv molecular ntawm C10H14O, qhov txheeb ze molecular loj ntawm 150.22, thiab qhov txheeb ze ntawm 0.979. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab yooj yim soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic. Nws melting point yog 51.5 degree thiab boiling point yog 232.5 degree. Vim nws tsuas yog muab rho tawm thiab sib cais los ntawm thyme, nws yog hu ua thymol.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm thymol
1. Antibacterial nyhuv
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias thymol lossis cov nroj tsuag muaj thymol muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ceeb, thiab thymol muaj qhov dav dav thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kab mob Gram feem ntau. Cov kab mob Gram-tsis zoo xws li Salmonella, Bordetella pertussis, thiab Chromobacterium violaceum muaj ntau, nrog rau cov kab mob Gram-zoo xws li Staphylococcus aureus thiab Listeria monocytogenes. Tsis tas li ntawd, thymol tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog lwm yam tshuaj los txhim kho cov kab mob tua kab mob. Piv txwv li, thymol tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob ua ke nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Kissels thiab al pom tias qhov tsawg kawg nkaus inhibitory concentration (MIC) ntawm thymol tiv thaiv Bacillus pertussis thiab Mycoplasma hemolytica yog 1.250 thiab 0.625 mmol / L, raws li. Thaum nws tau ua ke nrog doxycycline los yog tilmicosin, qhov qhab nia Lub inhibitory concentration checkerboard tau siv los xyuas nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov kab mob bactericidal ntawm thymol thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tau txhim kho zoo. Thymol tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum hauv cov roj yam tseem ceeb. Porter et al. pom tias dawb mustard volatile roj thiab thymol koom ua ke inhibit Salmonella, txo cov concentration ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau inhibit Salmonella, thiab muaj qee yam khoom lag luam. Thymol kuj tuaj yeem ua ke nrog phage, uas tuaj yeem txo tus naj npawb ntawm Salmonella hauv cov nqaij qaib piv nrog thymol lossis phage ib leeg.
2.Anti-inflammatory nyhuv
Thymol tuaj yeem inhibit NF-κB txoj kev taw qhia, yog li inhibiting TNF- thiab interleukin -6 (IL-6) thiab interleukin -1 (IL-1) hauv bronchoalveolar lavage kua (BALF) Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws txhawb nqa qhov kev qhia ntawm erythroid-derived nuclear factor E2-txog yam 2 (nuclear factor-E2-txog yam 2, Nrf2). Tsis tas li ntawd, thymol kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov kev qhia ntawm Fos protein (c-Fos), nuclear qhov tseem ceeb ntawm activated T cells 1 (NFAT1), nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFAT2), thiab ntawm cov protein, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Kev nyuaj siab-activated protein kinase thiab phosphorylation theem ntawm cov teeb liab transducer thiab activator ntawm transcription txo, yog li ua si ib tug anti-inflammatory nyhuv. Hauv kev xaus, thymol ua tiav cov teebmeem los tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm inhibiting NF-κB thiab MAPK teeb liab hloov mus rau hauv cov hlwb, txo lossis tiv thaiv kev tsim cov proteins lossis tshuaj lom.
3 Antioxidant nyhuv
Phenolic tebchaw muaj redox zog thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv neutralizing dawb radicals thiab peroxynitrite thiab decomposing peroxides. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm antioxidant feem ntau yog los ntawm 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl Chemical test collection for hydrazine (DPPH) assay lossis lipid peroxidation. Hauv vitro, thymol txhim kho lub peev xwm antioxidant los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov dawb radicals. Thymol thiab peroxy radicals yog cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab nws cov hydrogen ions ua ke nrog dawb radicals los tsim cov khoom nruab nrab phenoxy radicals, uas sai sai nrog cov dawb radical tom ntej, yog li tshem tawm peroxy radicals. Nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj sia, nws txhim kho lub peev xwm antioxidant los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg antioxidant enzymes. Yuav ua li cas thymol exerts nws cov nyhuv antioxidant tsis meej tam sim no. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov roj tseem ceeb cog muaj qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev muaj peev xwm antioxidant, uas tuaj yeem khi rau ntawm tes saum npoo receptors, los ntawm ob theem ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab cov protein nthuav qhia nce kev qhia ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidant enzymes thiab txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant. nyob rau hauv lub cev, yog li txhim kho cov nyhuv antioxidant ntawm lub cev.
4.Immunomodulatory nyhuv
Thymol muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li tswj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb dendritic, txhim kho T cell kev ua, inducing cell proliferation, thiab cuam tshuam inflammatory teb. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Thymol tuaj yeem txo qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob cytokines IL-1 , TNF- , activator protein -1 thiab qhib T cell noob los ntawm kev tswj cov terminal kinases, teeb liab transducers thiab transcriptional activators, ua interleukin -2 thiab interferon. - ntau lawm yog inhibited, yog li tswj T cell kev ua.
5. Tsiaj ntau lawm
Raws li ib tug natural phenolic tshuaj, thymol yuav zoo dua absorbed, zom, decomposed thiab metabolized los ntawm cov tsiaj. Hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tsiaj, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kab mob tiv thaiv, txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab ua kom cov khoom zoo. Raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob zoo, nws tuaj yeem txo txoj hauv kev ntawm cov nqaij qaib, txhim kho cov ciaj sia taus thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo.
6.Lwm cov nyhuv
Thymol ua kom muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hloov pauv uas tsis muaj kev xaiv cation raws, suav nrog TRPV3, TRPA1, thiab TRPM8 raws. Kev tswj hwm ntawm TRP channels, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog TRPA1, tau pom zoo tias yog ib qho txheej txheem hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm thymol. Tsis tas li ntawd, thymol nthuav tawm ntau lwm cov haujlwm lom neeg, suav nrog kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, angiorelaxin, genotoxic, thiab tshuaj tua kab.
Thymol Pros thiab Cons
Thymol yog cov nroj tsuag ntshiab ntshiab, uas muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab antioxidant, thiab muaj peev xwm loj hauv tsiaj txhu. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias thymol muaj cov nyhuv stimulating rau cov ntaub so ntswg xws li tsiaj cortex thiab mucous daim nyias nyias, thiab yog hais tias cov concentration siab dhau lawm, nws yuav ua rau lub siab thiab ob lub raum puas, yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau cov tshuaj thaum siv nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj kev txwv ntawm yam xws li ib puag ncig, tus nqi ntawm ntuj thymol yog siab heev. Tam sim no, nws tsuas yog tso siab rau cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm m-cresol thiab propylene lossis isopropanol los ntawm Friedel-Crafts alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum tsim cov thymol, ntau cov khoom lag luam kuj tau tsim, xws li 2-isopropyl-3 methylphenol, 4-isopropanol Propyl-3- methylphenol thiab 3-methylbenzene-isopropyl ether. yog tshuaj lom rau ib qho twg, thiab yuav ua paug rau ib puag ncig yog tias tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb tseem xav tau kom paub txog kev tsim cov thymol loj.
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