Dab tsi yog naringenin
Naringenin yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov mis molecular C15H12O5. Nws yog cov hmoov daj, soluble hauv ethanol, ether thiab benzene. Feem ntau los ntawm Anacardiaceae cog cashew ceev yog cov noob tsho loj, thiab lwm yam. Siv rau kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog naringenin. Nws tsim glycoside nrog neohesperidin ntawm 7-carbon txoj hauj lwm, uas yog hu ua naringin thiab muaj ib tug heev iab saj. Thaum nws yog lub nplhaib-qhib thiab hydrogenated nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob los tsim dihydrochalcones, nws yog ib tug sweetener nrog ib tug qab zib mus txog 2000 npaug ntawm sucrose. Hesperetin muaj ntau pom nyob rau hauv citrus peels. Nws tsim glycoside nrog rutose ntawm 7-carbon txoj hauj lwm, uas yog hu ua hesperidin. Nws tsim glycoside nrog -neohesperidin ntawm 7-carbon txoj hauj lwm, uas yog hu ua neohesperidin.
Pharmacological teebmeem ntawm naringenin
1.Antibacterial
Nws muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm Staphylococcus aureus, plab hnyuv loj, kab mob plab thiab kab mob typhoid bacilli. Naringenin kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau fungi. Txau 1000ppm ntawm mov tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob fungal los ntawm 40-90% thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu.
2.Anti-inflammatory
Kev txhaj tshuaj Intraperitoneal ntawm 20 mg / kg rau nas txhua txhua hnub cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim los ntawm kev cog cov pob wool. Galati et al. pom los ntawm nas pob ntseg patch thwmsim hais tias naringenin muaj anti-inflammatory teebmeem nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntau npaum li cas pab pawg neeg, thiab raws li qhov ntau npaum li cas, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv inflammatory zog. Tus nqi inhibition ntawm pab pawg neeg siab yog 30.67% raws li qhov sib txawv thickness thiab txog 38% raws li qhov hnyav sib txawv. Tom qab siv txoj kev DNFB los ua kom muaj peb-theem dermatitis nyob rau hauv nas, naringenin tau siv qhov ncauj tsis tu ncua los ntawm 2nd mus rau 8th hnub, thiab inhibition ntawm theem tam sim (IPR), theem lig (LPR) thiab ultra-late theem ( vLPR) tau pom. Naringenin zoo inhibits pob ntseg o ntawm IPR thiab vLPR, thiab muaj qee yam kev txhim kho tus nqi hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
3.Immunomodulatory
Naringenin tswj qhov nruab nrab oxidative kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv lub cell ntawm ib lub sij hawm thiab nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev tswj cov ndlwg ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv lub mitochondria. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm immunomodulatory ntawm naringenin yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yooj yim los yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los kho qhov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (lub xeev pathological) mus rau lub xeev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (lub xeev lub cev). Nws tsis txhim kho lossis txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv ib qho kev taw qhia.
4.Cov poj niam txoj cai coj khaub ncaws
Naringenin muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Nws txo cov synthesis ntawm prostaglandin PGE2 los ntawm inhibiting cyclooxygenase COX, thiab plays antipyretic, analgesic thiab o-relieving luag hauj lwm. Raws li cov tshuaj estrogen-zoo li cov teebmeem ntawm naringenin, naringenin tuaj yeem siv rau kev hloov tshuaj estrogen hauv cov poj niam tom qab yug menyuam kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv loj heev los ntawm kev siv tshuaj estrogen mus ntev.
5. cuam tshuam rau kev rog
Naringenin muaj cov txiaj ntsig kho mob pom tseeb ntawm hyperlipidemia thiab rog rog. Naringenin tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ntshav plasma siab concentration, TG (triglyceride) concentration thiab dawb fatty acid concentration hauv cov nas rog rog. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov qauv rog rog tau pom tias naringenin tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav lipid los ntawm kev tswj hwm monocyte peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ. Los ntawm kev sim tshuaj, nws tau pom tias cov neeg mob hypercholesterolemia tau noj ib ntsiav tshuaj uas muaj 400 mg ntawm naringin txhua hnub rau 8 lub lis piam. Cov concentrations ntawm TC thiab low-density lipoprotein cholesterol nyob rau hauv plasma txo, thaum lub concentrations ntawm TG thiab high-density lipoprotein cholesterol tsis hloov loj.
6.Free radical scavenging thiab antioxidant teebmeem
DPPH (diphenylpicryl dawb radical) yog ib qho ruaj khov dawb radical, thiab nws lub peev xwm los tshem tawm cov dawb radicals tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam los ntawm nws qhov 517nm absorption attenuation. Kroyer tau ua qhov kev sim ntawm cov teebmeem antioxidant ntawm naringenin thiab paub tseeb tias naringenin muaj cov teebmeem antioxidant. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tsiaj pom tau hais tias naringenin muaj zog inhibitory nyhuv ntawm lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, lub plawv, thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas, thiab yuav ua rau kom cov superoxide dismutase (SOD) kev ua ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ntawm cov nas.
7.cardioprotection
Naringenin thiab naringin tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm acetaldehyde reductase (ADH) thiab aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm triglycerides hauv daim siab thiab tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov ntshav thiab daim siab, thiab nce siab lipoprotein cholesterol (cov ntsiab lus ntawm HDLC), nce qhov sib piv ntawm HDLC rau tag nrho cov roj cholesterol, thiab tib lub sij hawm txo cov atherogenic Performance index, txhawb kev thauj cov roj cholesterol los ntawm plasma mus rau daim siab thiab cov kua tsib tso tawm thiab tso tawm, thiab inhibit qhov hloov pauv ntawm HDL rau VLDL lossis LDL. Yog li ntawd, naringin tuaj yeem txo cov mob Arteriosclerosis thiab muaj feem yuav mob plawv. Naringin tuaj yeem txo tag nrho cov roj cholesterol cov ntsiab lus hauv plasma thiab txhim kho nws cov metabolism.
8. cov nyhuv hypolipidemic
Zhang Hai et al. Siv cov kev sim tsiaj los tshawb xyuas cov roj cholesterol (tc), ntshav tsawg dua li cov roj ntsha Hauv lwm cov haujlwm, cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias ntawm qee qhov koob tshuaj, naringenin tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav TC, TG, thiab LDL-C, thiab kuj nce qib HDL-C, qhia tias naringenin muaj cov ntshav lipid-txo cov nyhuv hauv cov nas.
Extraction ntawm naringenin
Naringenin feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm hauv daim ntawv ntawm naringin hauv Rosaceae, Rutaceae, thiab citrus nroj tsuag. Cov ntsiab lus tsawg heev, tab sis nws muaj ntau qhov chaw thiab muaj qee yam kev pab zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov extraction, sib cais thiab purification txheej txheem ntawm naringenin tau ua ib co kev vam meej. Supercritical CO2 extraction technology yog siv los rho tawm thiab cais cov naringenin los ntawm txiv duaj nplooj. Qhov nruab nrab cov qoob loo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2.18%, thiab cov khoom zoo naringenin tau txais. Naringenin extract khoom, tab sis cov extract muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm chlorophyll, uas ua rau cov khoom yuav ntsuab nyob rau hauv tsos, uas yog me ntsis txawv ntawm lub teeb daj ntshiab naringenin khoom. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom zoo, cov txheej txheem purification ntawm naringenin yuav tsum tau tsim ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem organic solvent extraction yog siv los ua thawj zaug roughly rho cov txiv duaj nplooj hmoov kom tshem tawm ntau cov chlorophyll, thiab tom qab ntawd ua qhov thib ob extraction ntawm txiv duaj nplooj hmoov rau extract naringenin. Cov txheej txheem rho tawm no tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tau txais cov khoom siv chlorophyll, tab sis kuj tau txais cov khoom purity siab dua. Rau cov khoom zoo naringenin, qhov nruab nrab tawm los ntawm naringenin ntsuas los ntawm spectrophotometric yog 5.25%. Tseem muaj cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev uas siv 70% ethanol los rho tawm cov purity ntau dua naringin los ntawm pomelo tev. Siv naringin ua raw khoom, lawv siv cov tshuaj cleavage txoj kev los txiav nws glycosidic bonds ib tug los ntawm ib tug, thiab ces ntxiv cais thiab purify nws. Naringenin nrog purity siab dua tau txais. Txoj kev no zoo heev txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm naringenin, tab sis cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ntxiv, xws li kev lag luam ntau dua thiab siv tau zoo microbial lysis, enzymatic lysis thiab lwm yam txheej txheem npaj.
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